The accountability of security and intelligence agencies (LEIGH 2007)

Ian Leigh, The accountability of security and intelligence agencies 

in

LOCH K. JOHNSON (ed.), Handbook of Intelligence Studies, Routledge, 2007

 

It is no surprise then to find that over the last three decades many states have reformed or introduced laws governing the security and intelligence agencies. Some recent European examples include legislation in Bosnia and Herzegovina (2005), Slovenia (1994), Lithuania (1996) and Estonia (2000).”

 

Intelligence accountability (BORNE & WETZLING 2007)

Hans Borne & Thorsten Wetzling, Intelligence accountability, 

in

L. Johnson (ed.), Handbook of intelligence studies, 2007

 

 

(321) Concerning supervision of the use of special powers, in many countries this is done by a person outside the agency, e.g. a judge (in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Canada), a court (in the Netherlands and the US) or a minister (in the UK). (…) Furthermore, international cooperation could also place a duty on national intelligence services to cooperate with an international tribunal (e.g. Bosnia Herzegovina, see Figure 24.2, point five).

 

(322) Bosnia and Herzegovina’s Law on the Intelligence and Security Agency provides a clear and comprehensive account of national security and threats to it (see Figure 24.3, point 3).